Network Security Policy Template

1. Purpose

The purpose of this Network Security Policy is to define how the SOC protects, monitors, and maintains all network systems. This policy ensures that routers, switches, firewalls, wireless equipment, and all network segments are configured securely to prevent unauthorized access, data compromise, and cyber threats. The policy supports the SOC’s mission by enforcing consistent security standards across the entire network.

2. Scope

This policy applies to all SOC staff, analysts, interns, and authorized personnel who access or manage network infrastructure. It covers all network devices and systems, including:

• Routers, switches, and firewalls

• VPN gateways and remote-access systems

• Wireless networks and access points

• All internal LAN, WAN, and segmented networks

• Cloud-connected network resources

• Any tool or platform used to monitor or manage network traffic

3. Definitions

• VLAN: A Virtual Local Area Network used to segment network traffic.

• MFA: Multi-Factor Authentication requiring more than one verification method.

• Firewall Rule: A network filter defining allowed or denied traffic.

• Network Segment: A separated portion of a network with controlled access.

• Unauthorized Access: Any access attempt made without proper approval.

• VPN: A Virtual Private Network providing encrypted remote access.

4. Roles & Responsibilities

SOC Analysts:

• Monitor logs and enforce network security rules.

• Report suspicious activity and unauthorized access attempts.

Network Administrators:

• Configure and secure network devices.

• Maintain backups and ensure correct device hardening.

SOC Manager:

• Approves exceptions and oversees overall compliance.

• Coordinates major network security updates and reviews.

5. Policy Rules

5.1 Network Access Control

• Only authorized personnel may access network devices.

• Access must match the user's job role and operational responsibilities.

• Privileged access (admin/root) requires documented approval and MFA.

• Accounts must be disabled immediately when no longer required.

5.2 Secure Configuration Requirements

All network devices must be configured securely, including:

• No default passwords or default SNMP strings

• Encrypted management protocols only (SSH, HTTPS, TLS)

• Disabled unused ports, services, and interfaces

• Configured device banners and timeout settings

• Regular configuration backups stored securely

5.3 Firewall and Traffic Control

• Firewalls must follow a deny-all, allow-by-exception rule.

• Only approved ports, protocols, and IP ranges may be allowed.

• Firewall rule sets must be documented and reviewed regularly.

• Outbound and inbound traffic must be logged and monitored.

5.4 Network Monitoring

The SOC must continuously track and analyze:

• Network traffic flows

• System and device logs

• Firewall, IPS, and SIEM alerts

• VPN activity and remote login attempts
  Suspicious activity must be escalated immediately.

5.5 Network Segmentation

• Critical systems must be isolated using VLANs or separate network zones.

• Access between segments must be filtered and logged.

• High-value assets must follow the least-privilege principle.

• Lateral movement must be restricted at all times.

5.6 Remote Access Rules

Remote access to network equipment requires:

• VPN connection

• Encryption for all management traffic

• Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

• SOC-approved and hardened devices

• Activity logging for all remote sessions
  Unauthorized devices are not permitted on the management network.

5.7 Logging and Monitoring Requirements

The following events must be logged and retained:

• Network logins (successful and failed)

• Configuration changes

• Firewall rule updates

• VPN connections and disconnects

• Security events detected by monitoring tools
  Logs must be reviewed regularly as part of SOC operations.

5.8 Reviewing Network Security

• Network security settings must be reviewed at least every 6 months.

• Firewall rules must be reviewed for accuracy, relevance, and necessity.

• Any unnecessary or outdated access must be removed immediately.

5.9 Handling Unauthorized Access

If unauthorized access is suspected or confirmed:

1. Access is immediately revoked.

2. A security investigation is opened.

3. Evidence is collected and documented.

4. SOC management is notified.

5. Corrective actions are implemented as required.

6. Device Hardening Requirements

• SSH is required for all device management.

• Default admin accounts must be removed or disabled.

• Firmware and OS updates are applied regularly.

• Strong passwords and MFA enforced.

• Unused physical interfaces disabled.

7. Physical Network Protection

• Network closets and server rooms must remain locked.

• Equipment must be protected from tampering or unauthorized wiring.

• Only approved devices may connect to managed switches.

8. Backup & Recovery Requirements

• Router, switch, and firewall configurations must be backed up weekly.

• Backups must be encrypted and stored securely.

• Recovery procedures must be documented and tested.

• Emergency restoration steps must be available to SOC staff.

9. Exceptions

Exceptions to this policy must:

• Be documented and justified

• Include a defined duration

• Be approved by SOC management before implementation

• Be reviewed upon expiration
  No undocumented exceptions are allowed.

10. Policy Review & Updates

This policy must be reviewed:

• Annually, or

• When major network changes or new technologies are introduced
  SOC management and senior analysts may request updates as needed.